Cecal colonization of chicks by bovine-derived strains of Campylobacter     

Ziprin RL  Sheffield CL  Hume ME  Drinnon DL  Harvey RB 《Avian diseases》2003,47(4):1429-1433

Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli strains were isolated from feces of dairy cattle at farms with no known problem due to campylobacteria. Farms were located in the northeast, desert southwest, and Pacific west. Twenty isolates were identified by ribotyping with a RiboPrinter. The ability of these bovine isolates to colonize the ceca of chicks was determined by challenge inoculation and reisolation of the challenge strain from the ceca at 1 and 2 wk after challenge. Isolates recovered from chick ceca were examined by ribotyping to assure they matched the challenge strain. One hundred percent of the bovine-derived challenge strains were capable of colonizing chicks. These results indicate that dairy cattle may be asymptomatic Campylobacter carriers and potential sources of campylobacteria contamination of poultry facilities.  相似文献   

Farm animal disease surveillance     

Howe M  Laven R  Andrews T  Watson C  Biggs A  White M 《The Veterinary record》2003,152(9):270

  相似文献   

Neuronal degeneration in an Irish moiled bull calf     

Irvine R  Borsberry S  Scholes S  Gill JJ 《The Veterinary record》2003,152(18):571

  相似文献   

Use of atropine to reduce mucosal eversion during intestinal resection and anastomosis in the dog     

Agrodnia M  Hauptman J  Walshaw R 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2003,32(4):365-370

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether atropine altered the degree of mucosal eversion during jejunal resection and anastomosis in the dog. STUDY DESIGN: Part I: Prospective, blinded, randomized, controlled study using a therapeutic dose (0.04 mg/kg systemic) of atropine. Part II: Prospective, unblinded, assigned, controlled study using a pharmacologic (0.04 mg/kg local arterial) dose of atropine. ANIMALS: Part I: Twenty-two young adult female Beagle dogs used during a nonsurvival third-year veterinary student surgical laboratory (small intestinal resection and anastomosis). Part II: Ten young adult female Beagle dogs used immediately after completion of a nonsurvival third-year veterinary student orthopedic surgical laboratory. METHODS: Part I: Dogs were randomly assigned to receive either atropine (0.04 mg/kg), or an equal volume of saline, given intramuscularly (premedication) and again intravenously prior to intestinal resection. Part II: In each dog, atropine (0.04 mg/kg)/saline was alternately given in the proximal/distal jejunum. RESULTS: Part I: There was no clinically or statistically significant difference between systemic atropine and saline solution on the degree of jejunal mucosal eversion after resection. Part II: There was a statistically significant decrease in jejunal mucosal eversion with atropine compared with saline solution when injected into a local jejunal artery. CONCLUSION: Systemic atropine (0.04 mg/kg) does not alter the degree of jejunal mucosal eversion during resection and anastomosis. Jejunal intraarterial atropine (0.04 mg/kg) reduced jejunal mucosal eversion during resection and anastomosis. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: The clinical usefulness and consequences of jejunal arterial atropine administration to reduce mucosal eversion remain to be determined.  相似文献   

16alpha-Bromo-epiandrosterone therapy modulates experimental feline immunodeficiency virus viremia: initial enhancement leading to long-term suppression     

Pedersen NC  North TW  Rigg R  Reading C  Higgins J  Leutenegger C  Henderson GL 《Veterinary immunology and immunopathology》2003,94(3-4):133-148

16alpha-Bromo-epiandrosterone (epiBr), a synthetic derivative of the natural hormone dehyroepiandrosterone (DHEA), was evaluated for its effects on feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) infection in experimental cats. The rationale for this study was based on the ability of DHEA to significantly reduce the mortality to viral infections in mice. DHEA and epiBr also have demonstrable in vitro anti-viral activity for both HIV-1 and FIV. Preliminary pharmacokinetic studies in cats demonstrated that subcutaneously injected epiBr was rapidly absorbed, completely metabolized, and nontoxic. Metabolites were excreted in both urine and feces, with the latter having the most complex pattern of breakdown products. Cats were then divided into four groups; two groups were infected with FIV and two uninfected. Two groups, one infected and one uninfected were treated on 5 consecutive days of weeks 0, 4, 8, 12 and 16 with epiBr. The remaining two groups were mock treated with the drug vehicle alone. Treatment started 1 week prior to infection and extended for 4 weeks after infection. Cats were observed for 20 weeks post-FIV infection. Infected cats had identical decreases in blood neutrophil and lymphocyte counts following, regardless of whether they were treated with epiBr or vehicle alone. The CD4/CD8 T-cell ratio was decreased following FIV exposure, but was significantly more decreased for the epiBr treated animals from week 2 post-infection onward. CD4+ T cells were decreased in FIV-infected cats treated with epiBr compared to their untreated cohort, while CD8+ T cells tended to be higher in treated animals. FIV infected cats that were treated with epiBr had over one-log higher virus loads at week 2 post-infection than non-epiBr treated cohorts. In spite of this enhanced initial viremia, the subsequent levels of virus in the blood were significantly lower in epiBr treated versus untreated animals. EpiBr treated cats had significantly higher FIV-p24 antibody responses than control cats receiving vehicle alone, although primary and secondary antibody responses to a T-cell dependent non-FIV antigen, keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH), were unaffected. EpiBr treatment significantly decreased the expected FIV-induced suppression of IL-12 p40 mRNA levels in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) observed at weeks 4, 5, 8, 9 and 16 post-infection, but had no influence on FIV-induced changes in IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, IFN-gamma, MIP-1alpha and RANTES.  相似文献   

Cerebellar infarcts in two dogs diagnosed with magnetic resonance imaging     

Berg JM  Joseph RJ 《Journal of the American Animal Hospital Association》2003,39(2):203-207

Two dogs presented with severe, peracute-onset, neurological signs. Neuroanatomical localization was cerebellovestibular. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was performed and revealed focal, wedge-shaped lesions in the cerebellum. Diagnosis of cerebellar infarctions was made based on peracute-onset, clinical signs, MRI, and outcome as well as ancillary diagnostic information. Both dogs recovered completely. Cerebellar infarction should be included in the differential of any dog with peracute-onset, central cerebellovestibular signs regardless of severity of clinical signs. Outcome was excellent in these dogs.  相似文献   

Lignin deposition and associated changes in anatomy,enzyme activity,gene expression,and ruminal degradability in stems of tall fescue at different developmental stages     

Chen L  Auh C  Chen F  Cheng X  Aljoe H  Dixon RA  Wang Z 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2002,50(20):5558-5565

Stem tissues of tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) were sampled at three elongation stages and three reproductive stages. Anatomical analysis showed the deposition of guaiacyl (G) and syringyl (S) lignin during plant development and the formation of a lignified sclerenchyma ring. A dramatic increase in Klason lignin content was found from elongation stage to reproductive stage. Lignin composition analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry revealed that S lignin content and S/G ratio increased with stem development, but contents of p-hydroxyphenyl (H) and G lignins decreased during the same period. S lignin content and S/G ratio also increased from the younger upper internode down to the older basal internode of the stem, but G and H lignin decreased in parallel. Relative O-methyltransferase activities increased during stem development and in parallel with the lignification process of stem. The pattern of enzyme activity during development varied with the choice of substrate, with highest activities seen when substrates were caffeoylaldehyde and 5-hydroxyferulic acid, and lowest activities were seen when caffeic acid and 5-hydroxyconiferyl alcohol were used as substrates. The expression of caffeic acid O-methyltransferase and cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase genes increased during the stem elongation stage and remained at high levels during the reproductive stages. The changes at anatomical, metabolic, and molecular levels during plant development were closely associated with lignification and degradability. This study provides an integrated picture of the molecular and chemical events that accompany changes in lignin deposition and ruminal degradability.  相似文献   

Radiological terrorism. New effort aims to thwart dirty bombers     

Stone R 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2002,296(5576):2117-2119

  相似文献   

Climate change. A single climate mover for Antarctica     

Kerr RA 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2002,296(5569):825-826

  相似文献   

Paleontology. Earliest signs of life just oddly shaped crud?     

Kerr RA 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2002,295(5561):1812

  相似文献